Strata drainage to prevent accumulation of atmospheric precipitations in rock dumps

In the areas of low bald mountains, external dumps are mostly located in small ravines and in valleys of deflected streams. Rainfalls flow from the shoulders of the mountains into the former river valleys, which, in combination with silting of the river bed composed of clayey rocks, result in formation of manmade aquifers. As a consequence of saturation of external dump bottom with water, landslides take place in the bottom and under it. Landsliding displaces colossal volumes of rocks [1], which inflicts ecological and economic damage [2]. The article presents a procedure of slope stability prediction in waterеd dumps under the action of active shearing forces and reactive shear resistance. The algorithm of the manmade aquifer level prediction in the body of a dump is described, and the structure and parameters of a drainage facility (strata drainage–drainage bank–drain trench) to ensure the aquifer unloading are calculated. The issue of dewatering of an external dump by strata drainage made of strong non-soaking rocks in the dump bottom is discussed. The drainage effect on the main criterion of dump instability and deformation risk–theoretical stability factor–is illustrated. Owing to the strata drainage in the dump bottom, the stability factor of the geotechnical facility grows by 10 to 18% subject to the dump height, bottom slope and shear resistance of the bottom rocks.

Pimenov Z. G., Bakhaeva S. P. Strata drainage to prevent accumulation of atmospheric precipitations in rock dumps. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2023;(10):43-55. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2023_10_0_43.

Z.G. Pimenov¹, Junior Researcher, e-mail: Zaxar-Pimenov@yandex.ru
S.P. Bakhaeva¹, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, e-mail: bsp.mdg@kuzstu.ru,
¹ T.F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University, 650000, Kemerovo, Russia.

Z.G. Pimenov, e-mail: Zaxar-Pimenov@yandex.ru.

1. Ananenko E. V., Bahaeva S. P. Geomechanical justification of a stable levee along the thalweg of a ravine. Mine Surveying and Subsurface Use. 2020, no. 3 (107), pp. 35—39. [In Russ].

2. Mikov L. S., Schastlivcev E. L., Androkhanov V. A. Reclamation efficiency assessment at Nazarovo open pit mine using remote sensing. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2023, no. 1, pp. 70—83. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2023_1_0_70.

3. Zubov V. P., Kovalski E. R., Antonov S. V., Pachgin V. V. Improving the safety of mines in developing Verkhnekamsk potassium and magnesium salts. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2019, no. 5, pp. 22—33. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236-1493-2019-05-0-22-33.

4. Tsivileva A. E., Golubev S. S. The impact of sanctions on the work of coal industry enterprises. Ugol'. 2022, no. 8, pp. 84—91. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.18796/0041-5790-2022-8-84-91.

5. Kutepov Yu. I., Kutepova N. A., Vasil'eva А. D. External dump stability substantiation and monitoring in Kuzbass. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2019, no. 4, pp. 109—120. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236-1493-2019-04-0-109-120.

6. Bakhaeva S. P., Ilyushkin V. D., Tur K. A. Geomechanical substantiation of the dump stability during joint storage of overburden sandy-clayey rocks and beneficiation waste. Bulletin of the Kuzbass State Technical University. 2020, no. 4, pp. 49—59. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.26730/19994125-2020-4-49-59.

7. Ananenko E. V., Bakhaeva S. P. The reason analysis of the overburden rock dumps deformation. E3S Web of Conferences. 2021, vol. 315, article 01001. DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/2021 31501001.

8. Zhabko A. V. Rock failure criteria. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2021, no. 11-1, pp. 27—45. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_ 2021_111_0_27.

9. Zhabko A. V. A new concept of slope stability design. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2022, no. 10, pp. 104—124. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2022_10_0_104.

10. Zhabko A. V., Zhabko N. M. Calculation of safety criteria and critical values of controlled indicators during safety monitoring filling hydrotechnical structures. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2022, no. 11-2, pp. 25—38. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2022_112_0_25.

11. Kutepov Yu. I., Mukhina A. S. An assessment of the influence of hydro-geomechanical processes in anthropogenic masses of high stockpiles on the geoecological conditions. International Research Journal. 2021, no. 1-2(103), pp. 56—59. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.23670/IRJ.2021. 103.1.034.

12. Bakhaeva S. P., Gur'ev D. V. Stability prediction in earthfill dams with regards to spatial variability of strength properties of loamy soil. Journal of Mining Science. 2020, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 20—28. DOI: 10.1134/S1062739120016442.

13. Semyachkov A. I., Pochechun V. A. Hydrogeoecological conditions of technogenic groundwater in waste disposal sites. Journal of Mining Institute. 2023, vol. 260. pp. 168—179. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2023.24.

14. Kalashnik N. A. Assessment of filtration stability of tailings dam on the basis of hydrogeomechanical 3D modeling. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2022, no. 12-1, pp. 5—15. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2022_121_0_5.

15. Kutepova N. A., Moseykin V. V., Kondakova V. N., Pospehov G. B., Straupnik I. A. Specificity of properties of coal processing waste regarding their storage. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2022, vol. 12, pp. 77—93. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2022_12_0_77.

16. Maksimov D. A. Clogging of piezometer filters as indicator of impaired permeability of rock-fill embankments. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2021, no. 5-1, pp. 270—279. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2021_51_0_270.

17. Spencer E. A. Method of analysis of the stability of embankments assuming parallel interslice forces. Géotechnique. 1967, vol. 17, pp. 11—26. DOI: 10.1680/geot.1967.17.1.11.

18. Morgenstern N. R., Price V. E. The analysis of the stability of general slip surfaces. Géotechnique. 1965, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 79—93. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0000987.

19. Bishop A. W. The use of the slip circle in the stability analysis of slopes. Géotechnique. 1955, vol. 10, pp. 129—150. DOI: 10.1680/geot.1955.5.1.7.

20. Glazunov V. V., Burlutsky S. B., Shuvalova R. A., Zhdanov S. V. Improving the reliability of 3D modelling of a landslide slope based on engineering geophysics data. Journal of Mining Institute. 2022, vol. 257, pp. 771—782. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2022.86.