Spectrum survey data application in ecological monitoring of aquatic vegetation

Mining activities result in damages and transformations both at the ground surface and in the subsoil. Open-pit and underground mining is accompanied by the formation of solid, liquid and gaseous waste. The ingress of pollutants into surface water bodies, their dispersion in the atmosphere and migration in soil causes initiation or aggravation of the environmental problems in certain areas. Therefore, it becomes necessary to decide on the environmental protection measures to minimize the negative impact of the mining industry. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the use of digital technologies to solve various problems. One of the promising areas of digital technology application is the mining and processing industry. The rapidly developing digital technologies are used in exploration of minerals, determination of atmospheric gas pollution and in territory mapping. Pollution of mining wastewater with nitrogen compounds is an environmental problem which causes eutrophication and deterioration of the organoleptic properties of water bodies. The use of certain vegetation species in water treatment can increase efficiency of removal of nitrogen compounds from water. In order to maintain high treatment efficiency, it is necessary to monitor vegetations. Spectral imaging with hyperspectral or multispectral cameras allows handling this problem. The obtained spectra, if correctly interpreted, provide the basis for calculating the vegetation indexes. These indexes are used to construct raster images that show the concentration of nitrogen in plant biomass, the projected cover and the vegetation structure. Spectral photography is possible thanks to the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The mobility of these devices enables real-time survey of vegetation and timely adjustment of operating conditions.

Keywords: spectrum survey, hyperspectral camera, multispectral camera, unmanned aerial vehicle, digital technologies, subsurface management digitalization, vegetation indexes, nitrogen compounds, wastewater pollution, biological treatment.
For citation:

Korotaeva A. E., Pashkevich M. A. Spectrum survey data application in ecological monitoring of aquatic vegetation. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2021;(5—2):231—244. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2021_52_0_231.

Acknowledgements:
Issue number: 5
Year: 2021
Page number: 231-244
ISBN: 0236-1493
UDK: 502/504
DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2021_52_0_231
Article receipt date: 27.01.2021
Date of review receipt: 29.03.2021
Date of the editorial board′s decision on the article′s publishing: 10.04.2021
About authors:

Korotaeva A. E.1, postgraduate student, s205056@stud.spmi.ru;
Pashkevich M. A., Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor;
Saint-Petersburg Mining University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.

 

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