Assessment of heading safety in close-spaced permanent roadways in difficult geological and geotechnical conditions

The relevance of the research is governed by the common nature of the problem connected with construction and support of large and closely-spaced roadways to be safe in difficult mining conditions. The earlier research addressed a uniform elastic medium. The present study represents a real-life rock mass as a hierarchy of blocks with discrete, mosaically nonuniform and time-variant stress–strain structures. In connection with this and to ensure stability in IV–V category rock masses, the existing safety and stability assessment procedures need being adapted to the real-life mineral mining conditions towards safety of mine operations on the basis of the obtained data. The present research produced new experimental evidence. The mathematical processing of the data by means of solving an inverse problem of geomechanics enabled predicting geomechanical and geotechnical conditions for the justification of the initial geomechanical characteristics of rock mass in the construction site of phase II permanent roadways in Kazakhstan’s 10th Anniversary of Independence Mine, Don GOK, as requested by a design institution. It is found from the research that the mutual effect of the close-spaced roadways is high in rocks having stability categories III, IV and V and the influence zones may be very large and extend to 3–7 radii from the roadway center at different depths. Construction and support of large roadways requires taking into account post-limiting deformation processes in enclosing rock mass surrounding the roadways for planning and selecting the construction sequence, the distance between the face and support installation and the support design.

Kayumova A. N., Balek A. E., Kharisov T. F. Assessment of heading safety in close-spaced permanent roadways in difficult geological and geotechnical conditions. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2022;(7):131-147. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2022_7_0_131.

The study was supported in the framework of the state contract, Topic No. 075-00412-22 PR.

A.N. Kayumova¹, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Researcher, e-mail: alfkaa@mail.ru, Assistant Professor, National University of Science and Technology «MISiS», 119049, Moscow, Russia, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6064-4743,
A.E. Balek¹, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Leading Researcher, e-mail: timur-ne@mail.ru, ORCID ID: 0000-000230407-2450,
T.F. Kharisov¹, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Researcher, e-mail: timur-ne@mail.ru, ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4668-081X,
¹ Institute of Mining of Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 620075, Ekaterinburg, Russia.

A.N. Kayumova, e-mail: alfkaa@mail.ru.

1. Sentyabov S. V. Geomechanical aspects of formation of natural stresses in aconcrete mount of a shaft shaft. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2020, no. 3-1, pp. 199—207. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236-1493-2020-31-0-199-207.

2. Sammal' A. S., Gribanov V. B., Kapunova N. A. Stress state estimation of the rock massif in the vicinity of two parallel circular openings to be erected in the common area strengthen. Izvestiya Tula State University. Natural sciences. 2013, no. 3, pp. 323—331. [In Russ].

3. Larionov R. I. Investigation of the stress-strain state formation of a massif of rocks around two parallel tunnels. Journal of Mining Institute. 2007, vol. 172, pp. 78—81. [In Russ].

4. Eremenko V. A., Lushnikov V. N., Sendi M., Milkin D. A., Mil'shin E. A. Selection and basis of mine working driving and excavation support in unstable rocks at deep levels of Kholbinsky Mine. Gornyi Zhurnal. 2013, no. 7, pp. 59—66. [In Russ].

5. Protosenya A. G., Belyakov N. A., Kuranov A. D. The prediction technics of tunnel sets with complex three dimensional configuration stress state with allowance for relative influence and building sequence. Journal of Mining Institute. 2012, vol. 199, pp. 17—24. [In Russ].

6. Deev P., Sammal A., Antziferov S. Evaluation of mine support stress state on base of convergence measurement data. 17th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2017. 2017, vol. 17, book 13, pp. 321—326. DOI: 10.5593/sgem2017/13/S03.041.

7. Islavath S. R., Deb D., Kumar H. Development of a roof-to-floor convergence index for longwall face using combined finite element modelling and statistical approach. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences. 2020, vol. 127, pp. 204—221. DOI: 10.1016/j. ijrmms.2020.104221.

8. Elrawy W. R., Abdelhaffez G. S., SaleemH.A.Stability assessment of underground openings using different rock support systems. Rudarsko-Geolosko-Naftni-Zbornik. 2020, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 49—64. DOI: 10.17794/rgn.2020.1.5.

9. Qi F., Ma Z. Investigation of the roof presplitting and rock mass filling approach on controlling large deformations and coal bumps in deep high-stress roadways. Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures. 2019, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 24. DOI: 10.1590/1679-78255586.

10. Zhengzheng Xie, Nong Zhang, Xiaowei Feng, Dongxu Liang, Qun Wei, Mingyue Weng Investigation on the evolution and control of surrounding rock fracture under different supporting conditions in deep roadway during excavation period. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences. 2019, vol. 123, article 104122. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2019.104122.

11. Cherdancev N. V. Stability of anisotropic rock massif with two adjisent square crosssection openings system. Industrial safety. 2016, no. 3, pp. 6—13. [In Russ].

12. Protosenya A. G., Karasev M. A., Belyakov N. A. Numerical simulation of rock mass limit state using Stavrogin’s strength criterion. Journal of Mining Science. 2015, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 31—37. DOI: 10.1134/S1062739116010125.

13. Zakharov V. N., Eremenko V. A.,Fedorov E. V., Lagutin D. V. Geomechanical support of mine planning and design in the Iletsk rock salt field. Gornyi Zhurnal. 2018, no. 2, pp. 41—47. [In Russ].

14. Seryakov V. M. Geomechanical assessment of technologies of stage-by-stage mining and fastening of cross sections of extended mine workings. Mining sciences: fundamental and applied issues. 2018, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 124—128. [In Russ].

15. Balovtsev S. V., Shevchuk R. V. Geomechanical monitoring of mine shafts in difficult ground conditions. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2018, no. 8, pp. 77—83. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236-1493-2018-8-0-77-83.

16. Viti C., Collettini C., Tesei T., Tarling M. S., Smith S. A. F. Deformation processes, textural evolution and weakening in retrograde serpentinites. Minerals. 2018, vol. 8, no. 6, article 241. DOI: 10.3390/min8060241.

17. Balek A. E., Efremov E. Yu. The study of the stress and strain state of the conjugation of the shaft with the adjoining mine workings by surveying methods. Izvestiya Tula State University. Sciences of Earth. 2019, no. 2, pp. 267—279. [In Russ].

18. Sashurin A. D., Panzhin A. A. Current problems and objectives in geomechanics. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2020, no. 3-1, pp. 188—198. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236-1493-202031-0-188-198.

19. Balek A. E., Ozornin I. L., Kayumova A. N. Joint analysis of rock mass stress state and elasticity modulus during shaft sinking. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2020, no. 3-1, pp. 21— 36. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236-1493-2020-31-0-21-36.

20. Kharisov, T.F., Balek, A.E., Ozornin, I.L Justification of regulations for driving parallel mutually influencing mine workings in stressed cracked rocky massifs. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University, Geo Assets Engineering. 2020, vol. 331, no. 10, pp. 71—79. [In Russ].

21. Ovchinnikova T. I., Pototskiy E. P., Firsova V. M. Risk-based approach to hazard assessment in the mining industry. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2021, no. 2-1, pp. 199—208. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236-1493-2021-21-0-199-208.