Geotechnologies for natural mineral mining and manmade deposit treatment in Еastern Transbaikalia

The results of integrated research into natural and manmade deposits in the Eastern Transbaikal region as objects for physicotechnical and physicochemical geotechnologies are presented. The selected objects are: a) the most important and promising gold and complex ore deposits in Eastern Transbaikalia; b) placers; с) mining waste containing mineral raw materials of special commercial interest, represented mainly by dispersed (nanoscale) gold. The developed integrated method for detecting dispersed gold in ores and in mining waste allows offering new geotechnologies, including processes of explosion-injection preparation with oxidizing reagents; impregnation of ores with activated oxidizing solutions prepared in a photoelectrochemical reactor and pulsation-static and piston sprinkling with activated solutions of complexing agents in flowcharts of heap, cuvette, in-situ leaching and borehole mining, which provides chemogenic destruction of minerals–concentrators of dispersed gold and other valuable elements. The hybrid geotechnology is justified for the Udokan deposit. This technology includes surface mining by small open pits, with heap leaching of low-grade ore on the upper layers of the deposit. In the deeper zone of underground mining, there will be no voids typically formed when high-grade ore is cut by small-size stoping. Mined-out stopes are backfilled with low-grade ore from the open pits, in cyclical-andcontinuous mode, via slot-like ore passes. In this manner, the stopes serve as buffer-andblending reservoirs.

Sekisov A. G., Rubtsov Yu. I., Lavrov A. Yu., Trubachev A. I. Geotechnologies for natural mineral mining and manmade deposit treatment in Еastern Transbaikalia. MIAB. Mining Inf. Anal. Bull. 2021;(3-2):133-142. [In Russ]. DOI: 10.25018/0236_1493_2021_32_0_133.

The work was carried out within the framework of the FNI project, State registration No.AAAA17 — 117092 7500736.

Sekisov A. G., Doct. Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Institute of Mining, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Khabarovsk, Russia, Honorary Professor, Trans-Baikal State University, Chita, Russia;
Rubtsov Yu. I., Doct. Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor of the Trans-Baikal State University, Head of the Laboratory, Chita Branch of the Institute of Mining SB RAS Chita, Russia;
Lavrov A. Yu., Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Dean of the Faculty of Economics and Management of the Trans-Baikal State University, senior researcher Chita Branch of the Institute of Mining SB RAS Chita, Russia;
Trubachev A. I., Cand. Sci. (Geol. Mineral.), Professor of the Trans-Baikal State University, Head of the Laboratory. Chita Branch of the Institute of Mining SB RAS Chita, Russia.

1. Sekisov A. G., Zykov N. V., Korolev V. S. Dispersnoe zoloto: geologicheskij i tekhnologicheskij aspekty [Dispersed gold: geological and technological aspects]. Moscow: Gornaya kniga, 2012. 224 p. [In Russ]

2. Moiseenko V. G.,Kuznecova I. V. Nanozoloto v drevnih izvestnyakah i dolomitah Oktyabr’skogo rudnogo polya (Priamur’e) [Nanozoloto in ancient limestones and Dolomites of the Oktyabrsky ore field (Priamurye)]. Doklady RAN. 2014. T. 456. no. 4. pp. 468—471. [In Russ]

3. Moiseenko V.G, Moiseenko N. V., Safronov P. P. Nanorazmernoe zoloto v rudah Pokrovskogo mestorozhdeniya [Nanoscale gold in the ores of the Pokrovskoye Deposit]. Doklady RAN, 2010, t. 435, no. 4, pp. 527—530 [In Russ]

4. Liipo J., Hicks M., Takalo V-P., Remes A., Talikka M., Khizanishvili S., Natsvlishvili M. Geometallurgical characterization of South Georgian complex copper-gold ores. Journal of The Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. 2019. T. 119, no. 4. pp. 333—338. [In Russ]

5. Velasquez-Yevenes L., Torres D., Toro N. Leaching of chalcopyrite ore agglomerated with high chloride concentration and high curing periods. Hydrometallurgy. 2018. no. 181. pp. 215—220. [In Russ]

6. Ofori-Sarpong G., Osseo-Asare K. Preg-robbing of gold from cyanide and non-cyanide complexes: Effect of fungi pretreatment of carbonaceous matter. International Journal of Mineral Processing. 2013. T. 119. pp. 27—33.

7. Ahtiainen R. Cyanide-free gold leaching in exceptionally mild chloride solutions / R. Ahtiainen, M. Lundstrom. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019. T. 234. pp. 9—17.

8. Oparin V. N., Smolyanickij B. N., Zykov N. V. i dr. Advanced technologies for the development zolotorudnyh deposits in Zabaykalsky Krai. Fiziko-himicheskie problemy razrabotki poleznyh iskopaemyh. Novosibirsk. 2017, no. 3. pp. 70—78. [In Russ]

9. Sekisov A.G, Lavrov A. Yu., Rasskazova A. V. Fotohimicheskie i elektrohimicheskie processy v geotekhnologii Chita [Photochemical and electrochemical processes in Geotechnology]: ZabGU, 2019. 306 p. [In Russ]

10. Bobadilla-Fazzini R., Perez A. G., Gautier V., Jordan H., Parada P. Primary copper sulfides bioleaching vs.chlorideellaching: advantages and drawbacles. Hydrometallurgy, 2017, vol. 168, pp. 26—31.

11. Introduction to evalution, design and operation of precious metal heap leaching projects. Society of mining engineers Litt.leton, 1988, vol. VII, p. 732.

12. Salihov V. S., Manzyrev D. V., Shevchenko Yu. S. i dr. Geologo-tekhnologicheskaya ocenka i novye geotekhnologii osvoeniya prirodnogo i tekhnogennogo zolotosoderzhashchego syr’ya Vostochnogo Zabajkal’ya Chita [Geological and technological assessment and new geotechnologies for the development of natural and technogenic gold-bearing raw materials in Eastern Transbaikalia-Chita]: ZabGU, 2011. 312 p. [In Russ]